Seventy-five years ago today, the holiday favorite Miracle on 34th Street premiered. I too was initially confused why a Christmas movie was released in May, but learned that studio head Darryl F. Zanuck insisted that it be released in May, arguing that more people go to the movies in warmer weather.
In 2005, Miracle on 34th Street was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being “culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant”.
Title: Miracle on 34th Street
Directed by: George Seaton
Produced by: William Perlberg
Screenplay by: George Seaton
Story by: Valentine Davies
Starring: Maureen O’Hara, John Payne, Edmund Gwenn, Gene Lockhart, Natalie Wood, Porter Hall, William Frawley, Jerome Cowan, and Philip Tonge
Music by: Cyril Mockridge
Cinematography: Lloyd Ahern and Charles G. Clarke
Edited by: Robert L. Simpson
Art Direction: Richard Day and Richard Irvine
Costume Design: Kay Nelson
Makeup: Ben Nye
Distributed by: 20th Century Fox
Release date: May 2, 1947 (USA) and July 4, 1947 (Canada)
Running time: 96 minutes
Country: United States
Language: English
Budget $630,000
Box office: $2.7 million (US rentals)
Academy Award Best Actor in a Supporting Role – Edmund Gwenn
Academy Award Best Writing, Original Story – Valentine Davies
Academy Award Best Writing, Screenplay
Kris Kringle (Edmund Gwenn) is indignant to find that the man (Percy Helton) assigned to play Santa in the annual Macy’s Thanksgiving Day Parade is intoxicated. When he complains to event director Doris Walker (Maureen O’Hara), she persuades Kris to take his place. He does so well he is hired to play Santa at Macy’s flagship New York City store on 34th Street.
Ignoring instructions from toy department head Julian Shellhammer (Philip Tonge) to recommend overstocked items to undecided shoppers, Kris directs one woman (Thelma Ritter) to another store to fulfill her son’s Christmas request. Initially confused, but nevertheless impressed by Kris’s honesty and helpfulness, she informs Julian that she will become a loyal Macy’s customer.
Attorney Fred Gailey (John Payne), Doris’s neighbor, takes the young divorcée’s daughter Susan (Natalie Wood) to see Santa. Doris has raised her to not believe in fairy tales, but Susan is shaken after seeing Kris speak Dutch with a girl (Marlene Lyden) who does not know English. Doris asks Kringle to tell Susan that he is not Santa, but he insists that he is.
Worried, Doris decides to fire him. However, Kris has generated so much positive publicity and goodwill for Macy’s that R. H. Macy (Harry Antrim) promises Doris and Julian bonuses. To alleviate Doris’s misgivings, Julian has Granville Sawyer (Porter Hall) administer a “psychological evaluation”. Kris passes easily, but Sawyer still recommends his dismissal.
The store expands on the concept of steering customers to competitors if necessary. To avoid looking greedy, Gimbels implements and further expands the same policy, forcing Macy’s and others to reciprocate. As a consequence, Kris does the impossible, reconciling bitter rivals Macy and Gimbel (Herbert Heyes).
Pierce (James Seay), the doctor at Kris’s nursing home, assures Doris that Kris is harmless. To alleviate Doris’s worries, Pierce suggests Kris stay with someone. Fred volunteers. Later, Kris makes a pact with Fred: he will work on Susan’s cynicism while Fred does the same with Doris’s. When Susan reveals to Kris she wants a house for Christmas, showing him a photo of her dream house torn from a magazine, he reluctantly promises to do his best.
In the company cafeteria, young employee Alfred (Alvin Greenman) tells Kris that Sawyer convinced him that he is unstable simply because he is kind-hearted. Kris immediately goes to Sawyer’s office to confront him, eventually striking him on his head with an umbrella. Sawyer exaggerates his pain to have Kris confined to Bellevue Hospital. Tricked into cooperating, and believing Doris to be in on the deception, Kris deliberately fails his examination and is recommended for permanent commitment. However, Fred persuades Kris not to give up.
At a hearing before Judge Henry X. Harper (Gene Lockhart), District Attorney Thomas Mara (Jerome Cowan) gets Kris to assert that he is Santa Claus and rests his case. Fred argues that Kris actually is Santa. Mara requests Harper rule that Santa does not exist. In private, Harper’s political adviser, Charlie Halloran (William Frawley), warns him that doing so would be disastrous for his upcoming reelection bid. Harper buys time by hearing evidence.
Doris quarrels with Fred when he quits his law firm to defend Kris. Fred calls Macy as a witness. When Mara asks if he believes Kris to be Santa, Macy starts to equivocate, but when pressed, he responds, “I do.” On leaving the stand, Macy fires Sawyer. Fred then calls Mara’s own young son (Bobby Hyatt), who testifies that his father told him that Santa was real. Mara concedes the point.
After his son and wife leave the courtroom, Mara then demands that Fred prove that Kris is “the one and only” Santa Claus on the basis of some competent authority. While Fred searches frantically, Susan writes Kris a letter to cheer him up, which Doris also signs. When a New York Post Office mail sorter (Jack Albertson) sees Susan’s letter, which is addressed to Kris at the New York courthouse, he suggests delivering all of the letters addressed to Santa Claus, in the dead letter office, to Kris.
When court resumes, Fred still has not found some competent authority to back Kris’s claim, but then an official informs Fred of the arrival of the mailbags at the courthouse. Fred presents Harper with three of the letters, addressed simply to “Santa Claus” that were just now delivered to Kris, asserting that the Post Office—a branch of the U.S. federal government—has acknowledged that Kris is the one and only Santa Claus. Mara objects, on the grounds that three letters alone do not constitute sufficient proof, and Fred tells Harper that he hesitates to produce many more such letters that he says that he has. When Harper insists, Fred has all of the letters addressed to “Santa Claus”, in all of the mailbags, dumped onto Harper’s desk. Unpiling himself from the deluge of letters, Harper (with great relief) dismisses the case.
On Christmas morning at a celebration at Dr. Pierce’s clinic, Susan loses faith in Kris when he does not give her the house she wanted. Kris offers Fred and Doris a route home that avoids traffic. Along the way, Susan sees the very image of her dream house with a “For Sale” sign in front. Susan demands that Fred stop the car, whereupon she joyfully runs into the house, exclaiming “Mr. Kringle IS Santa Claus!” Fred learns that Doris had encouraged Susan to have faith and suggests they purchase the house—a proposition with which Doris joyfully agrees. He then boasts that he must be a great lawyer since he proved an eccentric old man was Santa. However, when he and Doris spot a cane in the house that looks just like Kris’s, he is not so sure that he worked this miracle alone.
waldina 