In Arizona, like in most states, young people often seek part-time or summer jobs to gain experience, earn extra money, or build their résumés. However, both state and federal laws regulate when minors can work, what jobs they can do, and whether they need official work permits.
If you’re a teen hoping to land your first job, or a parent or employer looking to understand the rules, this guide breaks down Arizona’s legal working age, who needs permits, and what types of work are off-limits.
What Is the Minimum Age to Work in Arizona?
In Arizona, the minimum legal working age is 16 years old. Once a teen reaches 16, they can generally work without needing a permit or special authorization, as long as they follow restrictions on hours and job types set by federal law.
However, minors 14 and 15 years old can also work, but they face more limitations. Federal law — specifically the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) — places strict rules on how many hours they can work and the types of tasks they can perform.
Do Teens Need a Work Permit in Arizona?
Unlike some states, Arizona does not require work permits for minors under state law. That means young workers and their families don’t need to apply for official permission from a school, labor department, or court before starting a job.
However, employers still have a legal responsibility to verify a minor’s age and ensure they are assigning appropriate duties and scheduling hours that comply with state and federal law. Employers are also expected to keep proof of age on file, usually in the form of a birth certificate, driver’s license, or school records.
Even though there’s no formal permit system, businesses that hire minors are under close scrutiny and can face penalties if they violate child labor laws.
Restricted Hours for Young Workers
Federal law outlines strict hour limits for minors, especially those aged 14 and 15. Here’s a breakdown:
- During the school year (when school is in session):
- No more than 3 hours on a school day
- No more than 18 hours in a school week
- Work only allowed between 7 a.m. and 7 p.m.
- During the summer (when school is not in session, June 1–Labor Day):
- No more than 8 hours per day
- No more than 40 hours per week
- Work allowed between 7 a.m. and 9 p.m.
For minors aged 16 and 17, there are no federal hour restrictions, but they must still follow Arizona’s general labor laws, and their work must not interfere with their health, well-being, or school attendance.
What Jobs Are Restricted for Minors?
Certain types of work are completely off-limits for anyone under 18 because they are considered too dangerous or hazardous. These restricted jobs are based on federal Hazardous Occupations Orders.
Here’s a list of prohibited jobs for minors under 18:
- Operating heavy machinery or power-driven equipment (like forklifts or meat slicers)
- Roofing or working on scaffolds
- Mining or quarry work
- Logging and sawmill operations
- Using certain types of power tools
- Working in environments where explosives or radioactive materials are handled
For minors under 16, the restrictions are even broader. They cannot work in most manufacturing, mining, or processing jobs; they also can’t handle ladders or perform warehouse work.
However, there are exceptions. For example, minors can work in certain family businesses, provided the work is not hazardous.
Permitted Jobs for Young Teens (Ages 14–15)
While 14- and 15-year-olds have limited options, there are still many jobs they can legally perform, including:
- Office and clerical work (like filing or typing)
- Cashiering or retail sales
- Food service (including bussing tables or serving)
- Lifeguarding at non-ocean pools
- Grocery bagging or stocking shelves (non-hazardous areas)
- Tutoring or babysitting
- Cleaning or janitorial work (excluding work with power equipment)
These jobs provide excellent early work experience without exposing minors to unsafe conditions.
Agricultural and Entertainment Work
Arizona also has special rules for minors working in agriculture or entertainment.
- Agricultural work: Teens as young as 12 can work outside of school hours with parental permission, but hazardous tasks are still prohibited.
- Entertainment industry: Minors under 16 need written permission from a parent or guardian, and the work must comply with both federal labor standards and Arizona Department of Labor regulations.
Employer Responsibilities
Even though Arizona doesn’t have a formal work permit system, employers must still follow these key rules:
- Keep accurate records of each minor’s age
- Post a summary of child labor laws in a visible location
- Avoid assigning prohibited tasks or scheduling excessive hours
- Provide a safe and fair work environment for all young employees
Violations of child labor laws can result in fines, penalties, and lawsuits, so businesses must understand and respect these rules.
Final Takeaway
Arizona offers teens valuable opportunities to enter the workforce, gain experience, and build financial independence. However, clear legal boundaries are in place to protect their safety, education, and well-being. While no formal work permits are required, both minors and employers have responsibilities under state and federal law to ensure young workers are treated fairly and assigned only safe, appropriate tasks. Before taking that first job or making a hiring decision, it’s wise for families and businesses to familiarize themselves with these important legal requirements.
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